Clinical Psychology: Research and Practice Innovations

Clinical Psychology: Research and Practice Innovations"

Structural Relationships of Anger Rumination and Forgiveness with Subjective Well-being in Women Considering the Mediating Role of Shame and Guilt

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Ezzatollah Ahmadi 1
Mostafa Hokmabadi 2
1 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan, Tabriz, Iran
2 Master's student in general psychology, Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan, Tabriz, Iran
10.22075/jcp.2024.32879.2813
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the structural relationships between anger rumination and forgiveness with subjective well-being in married women, considering the mediating role of shame and guilt.
Method: The correlational research design model was structural equation modeling and its statistical population included all married women of Jovein County who were 356 people selected through voluntary sampling. The tools used include the Anger Rumination Scale (ARC), Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scales (PANAS), and State Shame and Guilt Scale (SSGS). Analysis of research data was done using SPSS and AMOS software.
Results: The results showed a direct relationship between anger rumination and forgiveness with the subjective well-being structure. Also, the rumination of anger and forgiveness was an indirect relationship with the structure of subjective well-being according to the mediation of shame and guilt (except for the mediation role of guilt and shame on life satisfaction). The fit of the structural model after modification was confirmed.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be said that the rumination of anger, forgiveness, shame, and guilt have an effect on the subjective well-being of married women and it is important to consider it in planning to increase well-being or related treatment programs.
Keywords
Anger Rumination
Forgiveness
Shame and Guilt
Subjective Well-being
Subjects

  1. منابع

    1. Association AP. APA Dictionary of Psychology: American Psychological Association; 2020.
    2. Yang Y, Zhao L, Cui F. How does public health investment affect subjective well-being? Empirical evidence from China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022;19(9):5035.
    3. Rahimzade S, Mirzasadeghi A. The Mediating Role of Self-compassion in the Relationship between Perfectionism and Subjective well-being. Positive Psychology Research. 2023;8(4):55-74. [Persian].
    4. Diener E. Assessing subjective well-being: Progress and opportunities. Social indicators research. 1994;31:103-57.
    5. Arslan G, Coşkun M. Student subjective wellbeing, school functioning, and psychological adjustment in high school adolescents: A latent variable analysis. Journal of Positive School Psychology. 2020;4(2):153-64.
    6. Carmel S. Health and well-being in late life: Gender differences worldwide. Frontiers in medicine. 2019;6:218.
    7. Quan F, Yang R, Zhu W, Wang Y, Gong X, Chen Y, et al. The relationship between hostile attribution bias and aggression and the mediating effect of anger rumination. Personality and Individual Differences. 2019;139:228-34.
    8. Contreras IM, Kosiak K, Hardin KM, Novaco RW. Anger rumination in the context of high anger and forgiveness. Personality and individual differences. 2021;171:110531.
    9. Kong F, Zhang H, Xia H, Huang B, Qin J, Zhang Y, et al. Why do people with self-control forgive others easily? The role of rumination and anger. Frontiers in psychology. 2020;11:129.
    10. Hyland T. Buddhism and Forgiveness. An Interview with Terry Hyland: ResearchGate; 2017.
    11. Graf AS, Ramsey MA, Patrick JH, Gentzler AL. Dark storm clouds and rays of sunshine: Profiles of negative and positive rumination about daily hassles and uplifts. Journal of Happiness Studies. 2016;17:2257-76.
    12. Kaleta K, Mroz J. Gender differences in forgiveness and its affective correlates. Journal of Religion and Health. 2022;61(4):2819-37.
    13. Peteet JR. The virtues in psychiatric practice: Oxford University Press; 2022.
    14. Neto JR, Enright R, Seibel B, Koller S. Positive psychology and interpersonal forgiveness within cultures. Positive Nations and Communities: Collective, Qualitative and Cultural-Sensitive Processes in Positive Psychology. 2014:135-47.
    15. Gao F, Li Y, Bai X. Forgiveness and subjective well-being: A meta-analysis review. Personality and Individual Differences. 2022;186:111350.
    16. Cheng T, Lin Q, Fu H. Love forgiveness and subjective well-being in Chinese college students: the mediating role of interpersonal Frontiers in psychology. 2021;12:634910.
    17. Poon K-T, Wong W-Y. Stuck on the train of ruminative thoughts: The effect of aggressive fantasy on subjective well-being. Journal of interpersonal violence. 2021;36(11-12):NP6390-NP410.
    18. Mróz J, Sornat W. Shame-and guilt-proneness and self-compassion as predictors of self-forgiveness. Journal of Beliefs & Values. 2023;44(2):188-202.
    19. Pfeiler TM, Egloff B. Do vegetarians feel bad? Examining the association between eating vegetarian and subjective well-being in two representative samples. Food Quality and Preference. 2020;86:104018.
    20. Tangney JP, Stuewig J, Mashek DJ. Moral emotions and moral behavior. Annu Rev Psychol. 2007;58:345-72.
    21. Arslan G, Wong PT. Measuring personal and social responsibility: an existential positive psychology approach. Journal of Happiness and Health. 2022;2(1):1-11.
    22. Kline RB. Principles and practice of structural equation modeling: Guilford publications; 2023.
    23. Sukhodolsky DG, Golub A, Cromwell EN. Development and validation of the anger rumination scale. Personality and individual differences. 2001;31(5):689-700.
    24. Besharat M, Mehr RM. Psychometric evaluation of Anger Rumination Scale. Advances in Nursing & Midwifery. 2009;18(65):36-43. [Persian].
    25. Thompson LY, Snyder CR, Hoffman L, Michael ST, Rasmussen HN, Billings LS, et al. Dispositional forgiveness of self, others, and situations. Journal of personality. 2005;73(2):313-60.
    26. Hashemi Sheykhshabani S, Amini F, Bassaknejad S. The relationship between forgiveness and psychological wellbeing with mediating role of affects in university students. Journal of Psychological Achievements. 2010;17(1):52-33. [Persian].
    27. Diener E, Emmons R, Larsen R, Griffin S. The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of personality assessment. 1985;49.
    28. Bayani AA, Koocheky AM, Goodarzi H. The reliability and validity of the satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Iranian psychologists. 2007; 3(11): 259-65. [Persian].
    29. Watson D, Clark LA, Tellegen A. Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. Journal of personality and social psychology. 1988;54(6):1063.
    30. Pashasharifi H BS, Emamipoor S. Examining the psychometric properties of positive and negative affect scale. Journal of Psychological Research. 2012;4(13): 17-29. [Persian].
    31. Marschall D, Sanftner J, Tangney JP. The state shame and guilt scale. Fairfax, VA: George Mason University; 1994.
    32. Varmaghani H, Poursharifi h, Soleimani A, Fathi AA. Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the State Shame and Guilt Scale (SSGS) among Students, Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology, 2022; 23(88): 1-10.
    33. Owens M, Gibb BE. Brooding rumination and attentional biases in currently non-depressed individuals: An eye-tracking study. Cognition and Emotion. 2017;31(5):1062-9.
    34. Ghobari Bonab B, Khodayarifard M, Geshnigani RH, Khoei B, Nosrati F, Song MJ, Enright RD. Effectiveness of forgiveness education with adolescents in reducing anger and ethnic prejudice in Iran. Journal of Educational Psychology. 2021;113(4):846.

    Naderi H, Salarian F, Eslami M, Asadolah Zadeh P. Presentation of a model for the impact of psychological capital, life satisfaction, empathy, feelings of guilt and shame with self-reverence among students of Payame Noor Sari. Educational researches. 2020;15(61):193-220

  • Receive Date 03 January 2024
  • Revise Date 09 June 2024
  • Accept Date 18 June 2024
  • First Publish Date 18 June 2024
  • Publish Date 20 March 2024